Viticulture also occupies a prominent place among horticultural crops. In India, it is being cultivated mainly in Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Delhi and western Uttar Pradesh. Here farmers are earning good profits by growing grapes. As a result, grapes production, productivity and area have increased in these states of India. Today, many farmers here are getting good production by doing modern cultivation of grapes and earning bumpers. Today, grapes have made their place as an essential fruit in North India as well, and their area is increasing very fast in these regions. 

Land and Climate for Grapes Farming

Sandy, loamy soil with good drainage has been found suitable for the cultivation of grapes. In this, it can be cultivated successfully. At the same time, more clay soil is not ideal for its cultivation. Hot, dry, and long summers are favourable for its cultivation. It is very harmful to have rain or clouds during the ripening of grapes. Due to this, the grains burst and the quality of the fruit are affected very badly.

Plantation

Be sure to get the soil tested before planting. Prepare the field well. The distance between the vines depends on the particular variety and method of cultivation. Keeping all these things in mind, 90 x 90 cm. After digging the pits, they should be given 1/2 part soil, 1/2 part rotted manure of cow dung and 30 grams of chlorpyrifos, 1 kg. Mix superphosphate and 500 grams of potassium sulphate etc., and fill it. Plant 1-year-old rooted cuttings in these pits in January. Give water immediately after planting the vine.

You can use good quality tractors and planters to make this operation easy. However, the price also can be a factor so use a good quality tractor with an acceptable price. For instance, Massey 1035 Price is reasonable, and this tractor’s power is good. 

Pruning

Cultivation and pruning are recommended to get a continuous good crop from the vines and proper shape. To give an appropriate shape to the vine, cutting off its unwanted part is called cultivation, and pruning any part for normal distribution to the branches bearing fruit in the vine is called pruning.

Irrigation

Irrigation is necessary after pruning grapevines. Water is required till flowering and entire fruit formation (March to May). In its irrigation work, keeping in mind the temperature and environmental conditions, irrigation should be done at an interval of 7-10 days. Water should be stopped as soon as the fruit ripening process starts. Otherwise, the fruits may burst and rot. Therefore, one irrigation must be done even after harvesting fruits.

Do you know you can get help from an advanced tractor for irrigation purposes? So, use a tractor at a fair price for irrigation purposes. For example, Mahindra 575 Price is acceptable, and it’s an enormous powered tractor. 

Manures and Fertilizers

They were made by the pandal method and 3 x 3 m. About 500 grams of Nitrogen, 700 grams of Murate of Potash, 700 grams of Potassium Sulphate and 50-60 kg of grapes planted at a distance of 5 years have been planted. Dung manure is required. Immediately after pruning, in the last week of January, half of the Nitrogen, potash, and phosphorus should be given in pulses. Give the rest only after fruiting. Rinse immediately after mixing manure and fertilisers well in the soil. Apply compost at a depth of 15-20 cm away from the main stem.

How to improve fruit quality

Good quality grapes should have medium-sized, medium to large-sized seedless grains with distinctive colour, aroma, taste and texture. These characteristics generally depend on the particular variety. But the quality of grapes can also be improved by the following methods given below.

Crop Determination

Pruning is the cheapest and easiest means of crop determination. However, excess fruits have a terrible effect on the quality and ripening process. Therefore, it is better if 60 – 70 bunches are left on the vines processed by the Babar method and 12 – 15 bunches on the vines processed on the head method. Therefore, remove more than the number of bunches immediately after fruiting.

Ring method

In this technique, 0.5 cm from any part of the vine, branch, creeper, sub-branch or stem. The bark of the width is removed in the form of rings. When to remove the bark depends on the purpose. The bark should be removed one week before flowering for maximum fruit size, immediately after fruit set to improve fruit size and at the time of fruit ripening for better attractive colour. Generally, the bark should be removed immediately as soon as the 0.5 cm wide fruit appears on the main stem.

Use of Surge Controllers

In seedless varieties, the grain size is doubled by using gibberellic acid at 45 ppm after full flowering. 

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